Rashtriya Aajeevika Mission

National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM) also known as Aajeevika has been launched by Ministry of Rural Development to create platforms enabling poor rural people to increase their household income through sustainable livelihood enhancements and improved access to financial services.

The Ministry of Rural Development is implementing Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM) across the country in a mission mode with the objective of organizing the rural poor women into Self Help Groups (SHGs), and continuously nurturing and supporting them to take economic activities till they attain appreciable increase in income over a period of time to improve their quality of life and come out of abject poverty.

NRLM programme, Revolving Funds (RF) at the rate of Rs.10,000-15,000 per SHG and Community Investment Fund (CIF) to the extent of Rs.2,50,000 per SHG is provided to Self Help Groups (SHGs) and their federations to take up self-employment for income generation and livelihoods activities. Apart from this DAY-NRLM also facilitates credit mobilisation for SHGs in the form of bank loans. In order to reduce the effective cost of bank credit to women SHGs, DAY-NRLM is providing interest subvention to SHGs on loans from banks from FinancialYear 2013-14. In addition, capacity building and technological support is also provided to the target households for taking up income generating activities both in farm and non-farm sectors.

 

Produce

  • Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY), a flagship program of the Ministry of Rural Development, implemented for well over a decade since 1999, has been reorganized and reorganized as the National Rural Livelihoods Mission from the financial year 2010-11 onwards. being implemented in. SGSY / Economic activities aimed at providing sustainable income to rural BPL families through income generating assets so as to bring them out of poverty.
  • In addition, uneven geographical spread of SHGs, high attrition rates among members of SHGs and lack of adequate banking sector response, were constraints on program performance. In addition, many states were not able to fully invest the funds received under SGSY, indicating a proper delivery system and lack of dedicated efforts for skill training and building resource absorption capacity among the rural poor. There was a considerable mismatch between the capability of the implementing structures and the requirements of the programme. Absence of collective institutions in the form of SHG federations prevented the poor from accessing higher order support services for productivity enhancement, marketing linkages and risk management
  • It is that the Ministry of Rural Development (Ministry of Rural Development), Government of India (Government of India) has constituted a committee on credit related issues under SGSY (headed by Prof. Radhakrishna) to look into the various aspects of implementation of the scheme. is in context. The committee has recommended the adoption of a 'livelihood approach' to eliminate rural poverty, comprising four interrelated actions:
  • To mobilize all poor households into functionally effective SHGs and their federations; enhance their access to bank credit and other financial, technical and marketing services; build their capacities and skills for development of profitable and sustainable livelihoods; Convergence of various schemes for efficient delivery of social and economic support services to the poor with optimum results.
  • The Government accepted the recommendations of the Committee and restructured the SGSY into the National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM) to provide greater focus and impetus to poverty reduction and to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015. The Framework for Implementation for NRLM was approved by the Ministry on 9 December 2010 and the mission was formally launched on 3 June 2011.

 

Mission

On the basis of the poverty ratio of the states, the amount will be allocated to them and they will have to operate the schemes in this limit, so that maximum benefit of the allocated amount is received.

NRLM Mission

"Keeping in mind the circumstances of the rural poor families, by creating strong and stable institutions, enabling them to get profitable self-employment and skilled wage employment opportunities, which will reduce their poverty. As a result of which there is a continuous improvement in their lifestyle."

 

NRLM Guiding Principles

Poor people have a strong desire to eradicate their poverty. And for this, they also have a lot of capabilities. Poor people have a strong desire to eradicate their poverty. And for this, they also have a lot of potential. To realize the innate abilities of the poor people, it is very important to create strong institutions along with their social solidarity. An externally dedicated and sensitive to the process of bringing social solidarity, building strong institutions and empowerment Support infrastructure is needed. By providing information dissemination, skill development, credit facilities, market access and other livelihood related services, poor people can get sustainable livelihood.

 

NRLM Values

The important ethical values ​​driving all the activities under Aajeevika-NRLM are as follows:

Involve the very poor of the society and their meaningful role in all processes. Transparency and accountability of all processes and institutions. Ownership and critical role of poor people and their institutions at all levels of planning, implementation and monitoring. Community confidence and Independence.

 

phased implementation

NRLM is a highly process oriented program and requires intensive application of resources, both financial and human, in order to mobilize the poor into functionally effective institutions, promote their financial inclusion and diversify and strengthen their livelihoods. It is therefore not possible to roll out the program in full scale across the country in one go, and hence, it has been decided to phase out the implementation of the program over a period of 10 years. The signal step by step is as follows:-

 

block level implementation

NRLM intends to work in a block for a period of ten years till the community federations take up the responsibility of implementation. A typical block is divided into four groups of 30 villages each having about 13,500 (90% of the total poor) able to mobilize poor families spread over 100-120 villages. In a typical intensive block the first three years are spent in building organizations of the poor by mobilizing them into self-help groups, federations at village, cluster level and block level. Funds flow to community institutions over the first 4-5 years. A maintenance and withdrawal phase is essentially moderate years, years 3-6, strengthening activities and interventions for persons with disability (PWD) such as health, nutrition, etc., in addition to various layers such as the last 4 years where community institutions graduate to self-reliance and self-sustainability.

The implementation in the block is being done in four ways –

 a) Resource Blocks with support from National Resource Organization(s) (NRO) [5-6% of the blocks in a State];

b) Intensive Blocks implemented with SRLM staff and internal community resource persons and generated in CRPS Resource Blocks;

c) Participation Blocks with support from local community federations and NGO partners; And

d) Non-intensive blocks are the remaining blocks in the state which are not taken up for implementation at the initial stage.

 

Resource Blocks

It is envisaged that about 5-6% of the blocks in a state will be taken up as resource blocks. These blocks would be the model blocks where all the major strategies of NRLM would be driven. These blocks would create a 'proof of concept' for other blocks to adopt and replicate. The expected social capital will support the implementation intensive blocks to be generated in the resource blocks.

A National Resource Organization (NRO) supports states in implementing resource blocks. One NRO successfully is Andhra Pradesh, Bihar and Kerala SRLMs who have experience in implementing NRLM protocol on a large scale, which is an SRLM. NRO has approved a State Anchor Person Implementation MPP to anchor SRLM One Project Resource Person (PRP) to be clustered in each resource segment to facilitate on-ground implementation. Mobilize NRO lay-up, formation of poor institutions and train institutions in block foreign community resource persons in teams of 5 each. The NRO also nurtured social capital - women operating from resource blocks, internal CRPS, bookkeepers and other community workers from resource blocks as well to support institutions in other blocks. NRO also implements livelihood and layer activities in the block.

Community Resource Persons (CRPS) are members of the community who have graduated out of poverty with the help of their self-help groups. CRP rounds are the cornerstone of the resource segment strategy. This strategy essentially rests on the premise that the community learns from the community better. CRPS are employed by Community Based Organizations (CBOs) at various levels and in various verticals. These CRPS are some of the CRPS who specialize in certain areas such as gender, social work, etc. visiting different states in teams to motivate women from other communities to run as self-help groups.

 

Intensive Blocks

SRLMs are directly implemented in other intensive blocks where they enter at the block level with their own employees, and take the support of internal resources from the resource block. CRPS is selected from resource blocks to expedite implementation in these blocks. The implementation protocol followed in the resource blocks will be adopted in these blocks as well.

 

Participatory Blocks

There is significant mobilization of poor women in SHGs in the form of partnership blocks in partnership with pre-existing community associations and NGOs working in these blocks, where SRLMs take up implementation in blocks. Developed participatory guidelines for NRLM to identify and work with NGOs and CBOs. NGOs that have significant presence (80% mobilization done or a SHG federation promoted) are recognized as partner NGOs in a block. These NGOs are expected to follow the protocols and procedures applicable to NRLM in the blocks.

 

Non-intensive Blocks

The remaining blocks (besides resource intensive and partnership blocks) are non-intensive blocks in a state. NRLM strengthens the existing SHGs in these blocks with some capacity building and limited financial assistance. Any new mobilization will be done in these blocks. Over time, as NRLM implementation progresses, these blocks will also come into the fold intensively. Some SRLMs have adopted 2-3 villages in non-intensive blocks to implement NRLM in a full-fledged manner.

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